The Interpreter's Tapestry

Articles  

Dean, R. K. & Pollard, R. Q. (2001). The application of demand-control theory to sign language interpreting: Implications for stress and interpreter training. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education 6 (1), 1-14.
Initial description of "demand-control theory", including the four quadrant interactive theory of occupational stress, categories of demands with examples, controls described as "decision latitude," and a beginning look at supervision for interpreters. Main focus seems to be on interpreter stress and training students. Specific research looks at skills learned during versus after interpreter training programs. This was done by means of a survey of working interpreters in Rochester, NY asking about their preparedness for certain demands after leaving their ITP.

Dean, R. K., Davis, J., Dostal-Barnett, H., Graham, L. E., Hammond, L., & Hinchey, K. (2003, January). Training medically qualified interpreters: New approaches, new applications, promising results. VIEWS, 20(1), 1, 10-12.
A description of the observation-supervision aspects of the medical interpreting class that was part of the UR-UT DC-S project. It includes the instructors' perspectives as well as the students' perspectives of the program. Finally, it gives some examples of benefits of the program and parallels interpreter practice with that of other practice professions, such as medical professionals.

Dean, R. K., Pollard, R. Q., & English, M. A. (2004). Observation-supervision in mental health interpreter training. In E. M. Maroney (Ed.), CIT: Still shining after 25 years. Proceedings of the 15th national convention of the Conference of Interpreter Trainers (CIT), 55-75.
A report of the UR observation-supervision project including the cities of Rochester, Minneapolis, New York City, and San Francisco. This report includes discussion of the research design and the preliminary findings from Rochester and Minneapolis.

Dean, R. K., Pollard, R. Q, Davis, J., Griffin, M., LaCava, C., Morrison, B., Parmir, J., Smith, A., Storme, S. & Suback, L. (2004). The demand-control schema: Effective curricular implementation. In E. M. Maroney (Ed.), CIT: Still shining after 25 years (pp. 145-161). (Proceedings of the 15th national Convention of the Conference of Interpreter Trainers (CIT).) Monmouth, OR: CIT.
A report of the UR-UT collaboration in implementation of DC-S in IPP (ITP) curriculums. Other schools included Johnson County Community College, the Ohio School for the Deaf, Camden Community College, and Kent State University.

Dean, R. K. & Pollard, R. Q. (2004, October). A practice-profession model of ethical reasoning. VIEWS, 21 (9), 1, 28-29.
An introduction to the concept of interpreting as a practice profession. It details the need for interpreting to approach its ethics in a practice profession manner, understanding the "it depends" reality and introducing a liberal/conservative continuum for ethical and effective decisions.

Dean, R. K. & Pollard, R. Q. (2005). Consumers and service effectiveness in interpreting work: A practice profession perspective. In M. Marschark, R. Peterson, & E. Winston (Eds.), Interpreting and interpreter education: Directions for research and practice (pp. 259-282). New York: Oxford University Press.
Provides an overview of the DC-Schema, Practice Professions, and professional ethics based on the DC-S. Includes research from RID Conventions on interpreters' perceptions of the impact of extra-linguistic issues on the interpreting process and decision making. Makes some attempt to define the complexity of interpreting.

Dean, R. K. & Pollard, R. Q. (2006). From best practice to best practice process: Shifting ethical thinking and teaching. In E. M. Maroney (Ed.), A new chapter in interpreter education: Accreditation, research and technology. (Proceedings of the 16th national convention of the Conference of Interpreter Trainers (CIT).) Monmouth, OR: CIT.
A description of application of DC-S and, more specifically, D-C-C-RD to decision-making to develop more teleologically-based decisions. Argues for a process of developing best practices instead of a set list of best practices.

Dean & Pollard. (2009, January). Deontological and teleological ethics. Newsli, 67, 3-5.
Summary of "From Best Practice to Best Practice Process."

Dean, R. K. & Pollard, R. Q. (2009, Fall). "I don't think we're supposed to be talking about this:" Case conferencing and supervision for interpreters. VIEWS , 26, 28-30.
A discussion of the role of case-conferencing/supervision in interpreting practice and the role of confidentiality codes in such a practice. Argues a need for case-conferencing for development of the profession.

Dean & Pollard (2011) Context-based ethical reasoning in interpreting. The Interpreter and Translator Trainer, 5(1), 155-182.
A great explanation of the DC-S and its application to context-based reasoning. Discusses teleological vs. deontological approaches and applications in various practice professions. Goes into a bit more detail about Karasek's original theory and application. Emphasizes the application of DC-S to all decision-making, not just ethical, but behavioral and translations decisions as well. Looks at the importance of differentiating between interpersonal and intrapersonal demands and how intrapersonal demands can color our view of interpersonal demands. Closes with recommendations on teaching DC-S in ITPs and continuing education.

Dean & Pollard (in press) Beyond "interesting": Using demand control schema to structure experiential learning.
This article focuses mainly on using DC-S in experience-based teaching situations and advocates for this style of teaching in ITPs. It provides several examples of using DC-S to analyze videos or actual observations in medical and mental health settings. It then steps through the demand categories and using them for teaching and learning. Finally, it discusses the importance of recognizing knowledge and other factors can be controls in particular settings.

Pollard, R. Q & Dean, R. K. (Eds.) (2008). Applications of Demand Control Schema in Interpreter Education. (Proceedings of the August 3, 2007 pre-conference meeting at the national convention of the Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf.) Rochester, NY : University of Rochester.
Appears to be a book on application of DC-S in ITPs as described by educators from around the country. Unable to get access.

 
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Webinars  

Dean, R. (2011, May 19). Introduction to demand control schema. Online webinar, viewed 6/1/2011. Available https://ncrtm.org/moodle/mod/page/view.php?id=2550
Part 1 of a 4 part webinar sponsored by the MARIE center. This part is an introduction of the schema starting with an argument for interpreting as a practice profession and its implications for change in the profession. This leads to a description of DC-S and finally an argument for a code that approaches ethics from teleological, instead of a deontological perspective, and how DC-S can inform our decisions using this approach.

Dean, R. (2011, August 25). DC-S and the Dialogic Work Analysis - Part I. Online webinar, viewed 8/30/11. Available https://ncrtm.org/moodle/mod/page/view.php?id=2552
Part 2 of a 4 part series webinar sponsored by the MARIE center. This part uses the DC-S paradigm to approach ethics from a teleological perspective.

 
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Last Updated: October 4, 2011